Saturday, May 31, 2008
Friday, May 30, 2008
Summer Recipes When in NYC Al Dente: Grill Season Kick-Off, Day 1, Part 2: Grilled Pizza
Recipe for making ricotta cheese at home - Recipe - NYTimes.com
At A Voce, Andrew Carmellini is known for his toned, tightly controlled flavors. But the most popular appetizer at the restaurant, he said, is a blowzy, loose bowl of sheep's milk ricotta mixed with herbs, drowned in olive oil and placed on the table next to a pile of grilled bread. "It's stupid simple, really," he said.
Not quite. Mr. Carmellini is smart enough to specify that the bread be seasoned with salt as well as olive oil, that the thyme in the mixture be fresh but the oregano dried ("domestic fresh oregano is large-leaf and grassy, not what you want"). As for the ricotta, it is imported weekly from Sardinia and made with sheep's milk, which is tangier and richer than cow's milk but has less flavor of the barnyard than goat's milk.
Thursday, May 29, 2008
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Saturday, May 10, 2008
Example Labor Share of GDP from Economist's View: James Galbraith vs. Paul Krugman
Many advocates of free trade claim that higher productivity growth in the United States will offset any downward pressure on wages caused by the global sweatshop economy, but the appealing theory falls victim to an unpleasant fact. Productivity has been going up, without resulting wage gains for American workers. Between 1977 and 1992, the average productivity of American workers increased by more than 30 percent, while the average real wage fell by 13 percent. The logic is inescapable. No matter how much productivity increases, wages will fall if there is an abundance of workers competing for a scarcity of jobs--an abundance of the sort created by the globalization of the labor pool for U.S.-based corporations.
Now what should Lind have done before publishing this passage? He should have had an internal monologue--something like this: "Hmm, do these numbers make sense? Well, historically, compensation of workers has been around 70 percent of national income. So let's say that initially, output per worker is 100, and the wage is 70. Now if productivity is up 30 percent, that means that output is 130, while if wages are down 13 percent, that brings the wage down to around 61, which is less than half of 130--wow, that means that the share of labor in national income must have fallen more than 20 percentage points. Let me check that out in the Statistical Abstract. ..." Of course, if he had, he would have found out that the share of compensation in national income, far from declining 20 percentage points, was about the same (73 percent) in 1992 as it was in 1977, offering a clear warning bell that something was wrong not only with his numbers--for example, he turns out to have confused productivity in manufacturing with productivity in the economy as a whole--but with his story. (This was not a throwaway passage marginal to his main argument; the claim that globalization has shifted the distribution of income drastically in favor of capital was central to his article.)
How could Lind have failed to go through this little monologue? Well, I have had several conversations with impressive, highly articulate men, who believe themselves sophisticated about economic matters, but who simply do not understand that if productivity is up and wages are down, this must mean that labor's share in income has fallen. These conversations are not pleasant: They want to discuss deep global issues, and end up being given a lesson in elementary arithmetic. But that is precisely the point: All too many people think that they can do economics by learning some impressive phrases and reciting some gee-whiz statistics, and do not realize that you need to think algebraically about how the story fits together.